哇~ 美國國父華盛頓是男性無精症不孕喔?really? Video

哇~ 美國國父華盛頓是男性無精症不孕喔?

These facts make it seem unlikely that George and Martha's infertility was attributable to Martha:

her considerable fecundity is evidenced by the birth of four children in 8 years of marriage to Daniel Custis. Furthermore, no evidence exists that her last pregnancy was complicated by postpartum infection or hemorrhage leading to uterine fibrosis or Asherman's syndrome, which might have made additional pregnancies impossible.

Regarding George and Martha's relationship, there is fairly strong evidence that it was an intimate one. Washington's few surviving letters to Martha show a man with a deep and abiding love and respect for his wife. Not surprisingly for his time, Washington attributed his and Martha's infertility to Martha, and by age 54 seemed resigned to never fathering an heir, writing:

if Mrs. Washington should survive me there is a moral certainty of my dying without issue and should I be longest lived the matter,

in my opinion,

is hardly less certain for while I retain the faculty of reasoning,

I shall never marry a girl;

and it is not probable that I should have children by a woman of an age suitable to my own

should I be disposed to enter in a second marriage. (7)

From his writings, it is clear that Washington desired a child an heir. This, in combination with his intimate relationship with a fertile partner, makes it likely that Washington suffered from male infertility.
George Washington's infertility
The differential diagnosis for Washington's infertility includes conditions from each of the six major categories of male infertility (Table 1). Could Washington have had Klinefelter's syndrome or another cause of germ-cell failure? Klinefelter's syndrome is typified by tall stature, testicular failure, and mild to severe cognitive deficits, especially in terms of visualospatial and language abilities (8). Klinefelter's syndrome could explain Washington's remarkable height. Washington was extremely tall—probably more than 6 feet 3 inches (9, p. 34)—a veritable giant for his age; however, tall stature was a family trait. A diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome would also provide an explanation for his well-documented dental woes, because many individuals with Klinefelter's syndrome suffer from taurodontism, a genetic enlargement of the tooth pulp, which predisposes to premature dental caries (10).

TABLE 1. Possible causes of George Washington's infertility, by category.
CategoryCause
Germ-cell failureKlinefelter's syndrome, Y chromosome microdeletions
Endocrine diseaseKallmann's syndrome, pituitary dysfunction
Anatomic infertilityAbsent vas deferens, cryptorchidism, varicocele
Sexual dysfunctionInadequate frequency, erectile or ejaculatory dysfunction
Toxic exposuresMercurous chloride (calomel)
InfectionsGonorrhea, chlamydia, tuberculosis
Amory. George Washingtons infertility.Fertil Steril 2004.